INTRANASAL VS. ORAL AND INJECTABLE
NOBIVAC® INTRA-TRAC®3 INTRANASAL OFFERS ADVANTAGES OVER ORAL AND INJECTABLE VACCINES
![](https://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/54/2020/08/advantages-chart.png?w=960)
*Dant JC, Waszgis B, LaFleur RL, Xu Z, Tarpey I. Duration of Immunity for an Oral Bordetella Bronchiseptica Vaccine. ISCAID Proceedings, Portland, OR, 2018.